Emulsion admixtures for improving cement elasticity

ABSTRACT

Methods and cement compositions for sealing a subterranean zone penetrated by a wellbore. The cement compositions include cementitious material, a mixing fluid, at least one polar monomer, and at least one elasticity enhancing monomer.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional application of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 10/767,672, filed Jan. 29, 2004, the entire disclosure of whichis incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

The present embodiments relate generally to a cement composition forsealing a subterranean zone penetrated by a wellbore.

In the drilling and completion of an oil or gas well, a cementcomposition is often introduced in the wellbore for cementing pipestring or casing. In this process, known as “primary cementing,” thecement composition is pumped into the annular space between the walls ofthe wellbore and the casing. The cement composition sets in the annularspace, supporting and positioning the casing, and forming asubstantially impermeable barrier, or cement sheath, which isolates thewellbore into subterranean zones. Thus, the undesirable migration offluids between zones is prevented after primary cementing.

Changes in pressure or temperature in the wellbore over the life of thewell can result in compromised zonal isolation. Also, activitiesundertaken in the wellbore, such as pressure testing, well completionoperations, hydraulic fracturing, and hydrocarbon production can affectzonal isolation. Compromised zonal isolation is often evident ascracking or plastic deformation in the cement composition, or de-bondingbetween the cement composition and either the wellbore or the casing.

Cement compositions are made chiefly of cement. Due to its brittle andincompressible nature, neat cement is undesirable for use where there isa chance of expansion or contraction in the wellbore. Cement has a highYoung's modulus, and fractures at lower strains when subjected tostresses (“brittle failure”). When the imposed stresses exceed thestress at which the cement fails, the cement sheath can no longerprovide zonal isolation. To lower the Young's modulus of cementcompositions, particularly for cement compositions at lower densities,water and sodium silicate could be added, which results in a compositionhaving a high water to cement ratio. However, such silicate treatedcement compositions (“water-extended slurries”) suffer from lowcompressive and tensile strengths, and higher porosity and permeability.

Therefore, a cement composition that can provide greater elasticity andcompressibility, while retaining high compressive and tensile strengths,and lower porosity and permeability, is desirable for primary cementing.

DESCRIPTION

A cement composition for sealing a subterranean zone penetrated by awellbore according to the present embodiments comprises a mixture of atleast one cementitious material (“cement”), a polymer emulsioncomprising at least one polar monomer and at least one elasticityenhancing monomer, and mixing fluid in an amount sufficient to form aslurry. According to certain of the present embodiments, the polymeremulsion further comprises at least one stiffness enhancing monomer.

According to the embodiments illustrated herein, the polar monomer maybe selected from vinylamine, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, or acid,ester, amide, or salt forms of acrylates, such as acrylic acid; and theelasticity enhancing monomer may be selected from ethylene, propylene,butadiene, 1,3-hexadiene or isoprene. In the embodiments that include astiffness enhancing monomer, the stiffness enhancing monomer may beselected from styrene, t-butylstyrene, α-methylstyrene or sulfonatedstyrene.

As used herein, the term “polymer emulsion” means a water emulsion of arubber or plastic obtained by polymerization. Such a polymer emulsion iscommonly known as “latex”, and the terms “polymer emulsion” and “latex”are interchangeable herein.

Polymer emulsions according to the present embodiments include fromabout 1 to about 90 weight percent of a polar monomer, and from about 10to about 99 weight percent of an elasticity enhancing monomer. Thus,according to the present embodiments, a cement composition is preparedthat includes a latex, which latex includes from about 1 to about 90weight percent of a polar monomer selected from vinylamine, vinylacetate, acrylonitrile, and acid, ester, amide or salt forms ofacrylates, such as acrylic acid, and from about 10 to about 99 weightpercent of an elasticity enhancing monomer selected from ethylene,propylene, butadiene, 1,3-hexadiene and isoprene. When a stiffnessenhancing monomer is included in the polymer emulsion according to thepresent embodiments, the stiffness enhancing monomer is present in anamount up to 70 weight percent. Thus, according to the presentembodiments, a cement composition is prepared that includes a latex,which latex includes from about 1 to about 90 weight percent of a polarmonomer selected from vinylamine, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, andacid, ester, amide or salt forms of acrylates, such as acrylic acid,from about 10 to about 99 weight percent of an elasticity enhancingmonomer selected from ethylene, propylene, butadiene, 1,3-hexadiene andisoprene, and up to about 70 weight percent of a stiffness enhancingmonomer.

Varying the amounts of the constituents of a latex according to thepresent embodiments changes the properties of the latex, which affectsthe type and degree of properties of cement compositions that includesuch latex. For example, according to the present embodiments, when alatex having a high concentration of an elasticity enhancing monomer,such as butadiene, is incorporated into a cement composition, theelasticity enhancing monomer increases the elastomeric properties of thecement composition. In contrast, a latex having a high concentration ofa stiffness enhancing monomer, such as styrene, or a polar monomer, suchas acrylonitrile, will decrease the elastomeric properties of a cementcomposition. Thus, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate thatthe mechanical properties of a cement composition can be adjusted byvarying the constituents of a polymer emulsion incorporated in thecement composition. As discussed further herein, the ratios of theconstituents of the polymer emulsion can be varied so as to provide amethod by which a cement composition incorporating such polymer emulsioncan be tailored to suit conditions in a particular wellbore.

As stated above, the polymer emulsions (latexes) used in the presentembodiments are water emulsions of a rubber or plastic obtained by apolymerization process. According to one embodiment, a latex is mixedwith a mixing fluid, which is then mixed with at least one cementitiousmaterial to form a cement composition. According to another embodiment,the water is evaporated from a latex prepared as a water emulsion toform a dry polymer additive. The dry polymer additive is then mixed withat least one cementitious material, which is then mixed with a mixingfluid to form a cement composition.

The mixing fluid used to form cement compositions according to thepresent embodiments is present in an amount sufficient to yield apumpable slurry for introduction down hole. The mixing fluid is mixedwith a dry cement mix, which comprises at least one cementitiousmaterial and may further comprise additives, such as dispersing agents,accelerating agents, fluid loss agents, and other additives known tothose of ordinary skill in the art. Preferably, the mixing fluidcomprises water. The water used according to the present embodiments canbe fresh water, unsaturated salt solution, including brines andseawater, and saturated salt solution. Generally, any type of water canbe used, provided that it does not contain an excess of compounds, wellknown to those skilled in the art, that adversely affect the desiredproperties of the cement composition.

According to the present embodiments, cement compositions are preparedthat comprise latex in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 30 percentby weight of a cementitious material to which the latex is added. Forexample, a “base” of 100% cementitious material is added to latexpremixed in a mixing fluid, where the latex is mixed with the mixingfluid in an amount such that the active amount of the polymer emulsionis about 0.1 to about 30 percent by weight of the cementitious materialcomprising the “base.” According to one embodiment, the mixing fluidcomprises water in an amount of from about 30 to about 150 percent byweight of the cementitious material. According to another embodiment,the mixing fluid comprises water in an amount of from about 30 to about70 percent by weight of the cementitious material. According to anotherembodiment, latex is added to a slurry comprising the “base” ofcementitious material mixed with the mixing fluid. According to yetanother embodiment, the latex is present in an amount of from about 2 toabout 6 percent by weight of the cementitious material, and the mixingfluid comprises water in an amount of from about 30 to about 70 percentby weight of the percent by weight of the cementitious material.

The cementitious material used with the present embodiments can be anyone or more of a variety of cements, including cements comprised ofcalcium, aluminum, silicon, oxygen, and/or sulfur, which set and hardenby reaction with water. Such hydraulic cements include Portland cements,pozzolan cements, gypsum cements, aluminous cements, silica cements, andphosphate cements. Portland cements of the type defined and described inAPI Specification 10, 5^(th) Edition, Jul. 1, 1990, of the AmericanPetroleum Institute (the entire disclosure of which is incorporatedherein by reference as if reproduced in its entirety) are preferred. APIPortland cements include Classes A, C, G, and H, of which API Classes A,G, and H are particularly preferred for the present embodiments. Thedesired amount of cement is understandably dependent on the cementingoperation.

A variety of additives may be added to one or both of the cement or themixing fluid of a cement composition to alter the physical properties ofthe cement composition. Such additives may include slurry densitymodifying materials (e.g., silica flour, silica fume, sodium silicate,hollow glass or ceramic beads, microfine sand, iron oxides and manganeseoxides), dispersing agents, set retarding agents, set acceleratingagents, fluid loss control agents, strength retrogression controlagents, viscosifying agents, stabilizing agents, foaming agents such asnitrogen or hydrogen gas, foam stabilizing agents, defoaming agents,latex stabilizing surfactants, and fibers such as polypropylene fibers,carbon fibers, and the like, all of which are well known to those ofordinary skill in the art. Latex stabilizing surfactants are useful forstabilizing latex in slurries with high ionic strength. Such high ionicstrength is often due to dissolved salt content that is inherentlypresent in the cement slurries, or to intentional addition of salts tothe slurry. Examples of latex stabilizing surfactants includeethoxylated nonylphenolsulfonates.

Thus, according to one embodiment, a cement composition comprises amixture of at least one cementitious material, a polymer emulsioncomprising at least one polar monomer and at least one elasticityenhancing monomer, a latex stabilizing surfactant, and mixing fluid.According to another embodiment, a cement composition comprises amixture of at least one cementitious material, a polymer emulsioncomprising at least one polar monomer and at least one elasticityenhancing monomer, a defoaming agent, and mixing fluid.

As will be understood by those skilled in the art, any of the polarmonomer, the elasticity enhancing monomer, or the stiffness enhancingmonomer comprising a polymer emulsion according to the presentembodiment may be natural, modified, or synthetic.

Cement compositions prepared according to the present embodiments setunder conventional curing conditions. Cement compositions preparedaccording to the present embodiments achieve high compressive andtensile strengths, and/or have a lower Young's modulus as compared toconventional cement compositions.

Furthermore, the present embodiments provide methods for preparingcement compositions with a desirable property or balance of properties.For example, it is understood by those of ordinary skill in the art thatwhen higher amounts of water are used to prepare a cement composition,the Young's modulus of the cement composition will decrease. However,the higher amounts of water will also cause a decrease in thecompressive and/or tensile strengths of the cement composition. For somecementing operations, lowering the Young's modulus may be more importantthan achieving a high compressive or tensile strength. In such a case,it would be acceptable to include a higher amount of water in the cementcomposition. A balance of properties must often be reached whenpreparing cement compositions for use in various cementing operations.The present embodiments provide methods for manipulating mechanicalproperties of cement compositions, such as Young's modulus, compressivestrength and tensile strength, and provide methods for balancing suchproperties.

Further methods according to the present embodiments include preparing acement composition having at least one cementitious material, and apolymer emulsion that includes at least one polar monomer and at leastone elasticity enhancing monomer. Still further methods include placingsuch cement compositions into subterranean zones, and allowing thecement compositions to set therein.

The following examples are illustrative of the methods and compositionsdiscussed above.

EXAMPLE 1

The base components, additive components, and mixing fluid componentslisted in TABLE 1 were mixed to form test slurries, each having adensity of 14.8 pounds per gallon. The amount of each Base Component,(which in this exemplary embodiment is Class G cement), is reported inthe table as a weight percent. The amount of each Additive Component,(which in this exemplary embodiment include silica flour and dry powderlatex, where indicated), is reported in the table as a “% bwoc”, whichindicates a weight percent based on the weight of the Base Components(i.e., the Class G cement). The amount of each Mixing Fluid Component,(which in this exemplary include water, defoaming agent, and latex,where indicated), is also reported in the table as a “% bwoc”.

Slurries 1-3 were prepared according to API Specification RP 10A,23^(rd) Edition, April 2002, of the American Petroleum Institute (theentire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference as ifreproduced in its entirety). For example, Slurry No. 2 was prepared bydry-mixing the Class G cement and silica flour by hand in a glass jar.The dry-mix (also referred to as the “cement mix”) was added over a 15second period to the water, latex, and defoaming agent, which were beingmaintained in a Waring blender at 4000 RPM. When all of the cement mixhad been added to the blender, the blender was covered and mixing wascontinued at about 12,000 RPM for about 35 seconds.

Slurry 3 was prepared as described above, except that the dry latex wasmixed with the cement and silica flour in the glass jar, and theresulting dry-mix was then added to mixing fluid and defoaming agent inthe Waring blender as described above.

The silica flour used for each slurry is commercially available fromHalliburton Energy Services as SSA-1™. The defoaming agent used for eachslurry comprised a polydimethylsiloxane, which is commercially availablefrom Halliburton Energy Services as D-AIR™.

The carboxylated butadiene latex used in Slurry 2 is commerciallyavailable as TYLAC 96061™ from Dow Reichhold Specialty Latex LLC.According to the embodiments illustrated by Slurry 2, the at least oneelasticity enhancing monomer comprises butadiene, and the at least onepolar monomer comprises acrylic acid.

The ethylene/vinylacetate latex used in Slurry 3 is commerciallyavailable as ELVACE CPS 786™ from Dow Reichhold Specialty Latex LLC.ELVACE CPS 786™ is a dry powder form of ethylene/vinylacetate latex thatis produced by first preparing the latex as a water emulsion, and thenevaporating the water from the prepared latex. According to theembodiments illustrated by Slurry 3, the at least one elasticityenhancing monomer comprises ethylene and the at at least one polarmonomer comprises vinyl acetate.

To test each slurry for various strength parameters, a portion of eachwas placed into a corresponding 2″×2″×2″ brass mold, and another portionof each was placed into a corresponding cylindrical plastic containerprovided with a lid. The molds and cylinders were cured in a 180° F.water bath for 24 hours to form samples of the set cement formed fromeach slurry.

Using the above-described samples, the Brazilian tensile strength,compressive strength, and Young's modulus values reported in TABLE 1were determined.

The Brazilian tensile strength was measured by a strength-testinginstrument manufactured by Tinius Olsen, Willow Grove, Pa., U.S.A.,according to the American Society for Testing and Materials ASTM C190-97procedure (the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein byreference as if reproduced in its entirety). Generally, however, arelatively thin disc was cut from each of the six cylinders and loadedacross its diameter until it split.

The compressive strength was measured according to API Specification RP10A, 23^(rd) Edition, April 2002, of the American Petroleum Institute(the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference asif reproduced in its entirety).

The Young's modulus was determined by using MTS Load Frame equipment,available from MTS Systems Corporation, Eden Prairie, Minn., andperforming load vs displacement measurements under unconfined conditionsaccording to the operations manual for the MTS Load Frame equipment.TABLE 1 Slurry 1 Slurry 2 Slurry 3 Base Components Class G Cement (wt %)100 100 100 Additive Components Silica Flour (% bwoc) 33  33 33Ethylene/Vinylacetate Latex 0  0 5 dry powder (% bwoc) Mixing FluidComponents Water (% bwoc) 71.6   62.2 67.4 Defoaming Agent (% bwoc) 0.09   0.09 0.09 Carboxylated Butadiene Latex 0 5 (1.1) 0 (% bwoc) (gal/sk)Slurry Properties Brazilian Tensile Strength (psi) 100 130 120Compressive Strength (psi) 1320 1550  1290 Young's modulus (psi)0.458E+6 0.654E+6 0.303E+6

TABLE 1 shows that Slurry 2, which included a polymer emulsion (latex)according to the present embodiments achieved favorable compressivestrength and tensile values as compared to Slurry 1, which did notinclude a polymer emulsion according to the present embodiments.Furthermore, Slurry 3, which also included latex according to thepresent embodiments, achieved a favorable Young's modulus value ascompared to Slurry 1.

TABLE 1 further shows that selection of the type of polymer emulsionaffects the mechanical properties of the slurry. Slurries 1-3 each hadthe same density. However, the compressive and tensile strengths, and/orthe Young's modulus differed for each slurry, which illustrates that thepresent embodiments provide methods for manipulation of the mechanicalproperties of set cement compositions. This illustrates that cementcompositions that include polymer emulsions according to the presentembodiments can be tailored to suit conditions in a particular wellbore.

EXAMPLE 2

The base components and mixing fluid components listed in TABLE 2 weremixed to form seven slurries, each having a density of 16.4 pounds pergallon. The amount of each Base Component, (which in this exemplaryembodiment, is Class H cement), is reported in the table as a weightpercent. The amount of each Mixing Fluid Component, (which in thisexemplary embodiment are water, defoaming agent, latex stabilizingsurfactant and latex), is reported in the table a “% bwoc”, whichindicates a weight percent based on the weight of the Base Components.

The slurries were prepared according to API Specification RP 10A,23^(rd) Edition, April 2002, of the American Petroleum Institute (theentire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference as ifreproduced in its entirety). For example, Slurry No. 3 was prepared byadding the Class H cement over a 15 second period to the water, latex,stabilizing surfactant and defoaming agent, which were being maintainedin a blender at 4000 RPM. When all of the cement had been added to theblender, the blender was covered and mixing was continued at about12,000 RPM for about 12,000 RPM for about 35 seconds.

The latex stabilizing surfactant was a sulfate salt of ethoxylatednonylphenol solution (32% active) that is commercially available fromHalliburton Energy Services as STABILIZER 434 B. The defoaming agentcomprised a polypropylene glycol, particulate hydrophobic silica and aliquid diluent, which is commercially available from Halliburton EnergyServices as D-AIR 3000 L™.

Slurry 1 did not include latex. Slurry 2 included a latex made of anelasticity enhancing monomer and a stiffness enhancing monomer, but nota polar monomer. In particular, the latex used in Slurry 2 was styrenebutadiene, which is commercially available from Halliburton EnergyServices as Latex 2000. Slurries 3-7 are cement compositions comprisinga polymer emulsion according to the present embodiments, where thepolymer emulsion (latex) comprises at least one elasticity enhancingmonomer and at least one polar enhancing monomer.

The latex used for Slurry 3 was styrene butadiene acrylonitrile, whichis commercially available from Dow Reichhold Specialty Latex LLC as SNAP2042. According to the embodiment illustrated by Slurry 3, theelasticity enhancing monomer is butadiene and the polar enhancingmonomer is acrylonitrile. According to this embodiment, the latexfurther comprises a stiffness enhancing monomer, namely, styrene.

The latex used for Slurry 4 was a butadiene acrylonitrile, which iscommercially available from Dow Reichhold Specialty Latex LLC as TYLAC68159. The latex used for Slurry 5 was another butadiene acrylonitrile,and which is commercially available from Dow Reichhold Specialty LatexLLC as AD 1049. The latex used for Slurry 6 was yet another butadieneacrylonitrile, and which is commercially available from Dow ReichholdSpecialty Latex LLC as CPS 873. According to the embodiments illustratedby Slurries 4-6, the elasticity enhancing monomer comprises butadieneand the polar enhancing monomer comprises acrylonitrile. With respect tothe butadiene acrylonitrile latexes used for Slurries 4, 5 and 6, theprimary difference was the ratio of butadiene to acrylonitrile. Thevalues of the specific ratios are not commercially available. However,of the three types used for Slurries 4, 5 and 6, it is known that TYLAC68159 (Slurry 4) has the intermediate ratio of butadiene toacrylonitrile, AD 1049 (Slurry 5) has the lowest ratio of butadiene toacrylonitrile, and CPS 873 (Slurry 6) has the highest ratio of butadieneto acrylonitrile.

The latex used for Slurry 7 is vinylacetate ethylene, which iscommercially available from Reichhold Corporation as ELVACE 40720.According to the embodiment illustrated by Slurry 7, the elasticityenhancing monomer comprises ethylene and the polar enhancing monomercomprises vinyl acetate.

To test each slurry for various strength parameters, a portion of eachwas placed into a corresponding 2″×2″×2″ brass mold, and another portionof each was placed into a corresponding cylindrical plastic containerprovided with a lid. The molds and cylinders were cured in a 180° F.water bath for 24 hours to form set cement samples of each slurry.

Using the above-described samples, the Brazilian tensile strength,compressive strength, and Young's modulus values reported in TABLE 2were determined.

The Brazilian tensile strength was measured by a strength-testinginstrument manufactured by Tinius Olsen, Willow Grove, Pa., U.S.A.,according to the American Society for Testing and Materials ASTM C190-97procedure (the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein byreference as if reproduced in its entirety). Generally, however, arelatively thin disc was cut from each cylinder and loaded across itsdiameter until it split.

The compressive strength was measured according to API Specification RP10A, 23^(rd) Edition, April 2002, of the American Petroleum Institute(the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference asif reproduced in its entirety).

The Young's modulus was determined by using MTS Load Frame equipment,available from MTS Systems Corporation, Eden Prairie, Minn., andperforming load vs displacement measurements under unconfined conditionsaccording to the operations manual for the MTS Load Frame equipment.TABLE 2 Slurry 1 Slurry 2 Slurry 3 Slurry 4 Slurry 5 Slurry 6 Slurry 7Base Components Class H cement (wt. %) 100 100 100 100 100 100 100Mixing Fluid Components Water (% bwoc) 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.2 33.233.2 Stabilizing Surfactant 0 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 (% bwoc)(gal/sk) (0.07) (0.07) (0.07) (0.07) (0.07) (0.07) Defoaming Agent 0.170.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 (% bwoc) (gal/sk) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02)(0.02) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02) Styrene butadiene 0 2.8 0 0 0 0 0 (% bwoc)(gal/sk) (0.7) Styrene-butadiene-acrylonitrile 0 0 2.8 0 0 0 0 (% bwoc)(gal/sk) (0.71) Butadiene-acrylonitrile 0 0 0 2.8 0 0 0 TYLAC 68159 ™ (%bwoc) (gal/sk) (0.7) Butadiene acrylonitrile 0 0 0 0 2.8 0 0 AD 1049 ™(% bwoc) (gal/sk) (0.74) Butadiene acrylonitrile 0 0 0 0 0 2.8 0 CPS873 ™ (% bwoc) (gal/sk) (0.73) Vinylacetate ethylene 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.8 (%bwoc) (gal/sk) (0.73) Properties Compressive strength (psi) 4340 42405250 3650 5490 3110 2110 Tensile strength (psi) 430 470 610 415 600 330390 Elastic modulus (psi × 10⁶) 1.82 1.32 1.52 Not 1.55 Not 1.2 testedtested

TABLE 2 illustrates that slurries comprising polymer emulsions accordingto the present embodiments (i.e., Slurries 3-7) achieved favorablecompressive and tensile strengths. Those of Slurries 3-7 that weretested for Young's modulus also achieved a lower Young's modulus thanSlurry 1, which did not include latex. In particular, Slurries 3 and 5achieved compressive and tensile strengths greater than those of Slurry1, while also achieving a lower Young's modulus. This illustrates thatcement compositions comprising polymer emulsions according to thepresent embodiments can be tailored to suit conditions in a particularwellbore. For example, depending on the conditions within a particularwellbore and the type of job being done, Slurry 4 may be a more suitablecement composition than Slurry 5, or Slurry 7 may be a more suitablecement composition than Slurry 3.

TABLE 2 also shows that selection of the type of polymer emulsionaffects the mechanical properties of the set cement formed from eachslurry. In particular, Slurries 4-6 each comprised a butadieneacrylonitrile latex having a different composition as discussed above.The different latex compositions contributed to different properties inthe set cement. For example, Slurry 5 achieved greater compressive andtensile strengths than did Slurries 4 and 6, due to the presence of theelastomeric component, butadiene, in the lowest amounts. The Young'smodulus values determined for exemplary Slurries 3-7 reflect theresiliency or elasticity of the cement compositions, and indicate thatby proper selection of the latex composition, the elasticity of thecement composition may be improved without substantial loss in otherdesirable properties such as tensile strengths and compressivestrengths. This further illustrates that cement compositions comprisingpolymer emulsions according to the present embodiments can be tailoredto suit conditions in a particular wellbore.

Although only a few exemplary embodiments of this invention have beendescribed in detail above, those skilled in the art will readilyappreciate variations to above-described methods and compositions. Forexample, the amounts and types of additives illustrated herein, such asthe silica flour, stabilizing agent, and defoaming agent can be varied.In addition, physical properties of a cement composition comprising apolymer emulsion according to the present embodiments can be varied bythe addition of additives such as slurry density modifying materials(e.g., silica flour, silica fume, sodium silicate, hollow glass orceramic beads, microfine sand, iron oxides and manganese oxides),dispersing agents, set retarding agents, set accelerating agents, fluidloss control agents, strength retrogression control agents, viscosifyingagents, stabilizing agents, defoaming agents, latex stabilizingsurfactants, and fibers such as polypropylene fibers, carbon fibers, andthe like, all of which are well known to those of ordinary skill in theart. Further still cement compositions comprising a polymer emulsionaccording to the present embodiments can be prepared as foamed cementcompositions. Foamed cement compositions and methods for making them areknown to those of ordinary skill in the art, and include the use offoaming agents, such as nitrogen or hydrogen gas, and typically one ormore foam stabilizing agent.

Many other modifications are possible in the exemplary embodimentswithout materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages ofthis invention. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to beincluded within the scope of this invention as defined in the followingclaims.

1. A cement composition comprising: cementitious material; mixing fluid;at least one polar monomer; and at least one elasticity enhancingmonomer, wherein the polar monomer and the elasticity enhancing monomerare present in relative amounts effective to increase the elasticity ofthe cement composition compared to a neat cement composition, whileproviding the cement composition with a strength sufficient to seal in asubterranean zone.
 2. The cement composition of claim 1, wherein thecementitious material is selected from Portland cement, pozzolan cement,gypsum cement, aluminous cement, silica cement, and phosphate cement. 3.The cement composition of claim 2, wherein the at least one elasticityenhancing monomer is selected from ethylene, propylene, butadiene,1,3-hexadiene and isoprene.
 4. The cement composition of claim 1,wherein the at least one polar monomer is selected from vinylamine,vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, acrylic acid and acid, ester, amide orsalt forms of acrylates.
 5. The cement composition of claim 1, whereinthe at least one polar monomer and the at least one elasticity enhancingmonomer are in the form of a polymer emulsion.
 6. The cement compositionof claim 5, wherein the polymer emulsion is present in an amount of fromabout 0.1 to about 30 percent by weight of the cementitious material. 7.The cement composition of claim 5, wherein the polymer emulsioncomprises from about 1 to about 90 weight percent of the at least onepolar monomer and from about 10 to about 99 weight percent of the atleast one elasticity enhancing monomer.
 8. The cement composition ofclaim 5, wherein the polymer emulsion is present in an amount of fromabout 2 to about 6 percent by weight of the cementitious material, andthe mixing fluid comprises water in an amount of from about 30 to about70 percent by weight of the cementitious material.
 9. The cementcomposition of claim 1, further comprising at least one stiffnessenhancing monomer.
 10. The cement composition of claim 9, wherein the atleast one stiffness enhancing monomer is selected from styrene,t-butylstyrene, α-methylstyrene and sulfonated styrene.
 11. The cementcomposition of claim 9, wherein the at least one polar monomer, the atleast one elasticity enhancing monomer, and the at least one stiffnessenhancing monomer are in the form of a polymer emulsion.
 12. The cementcomposition of claim 11, wherein the polymer emulsion comprises up toabout 70 weight percent of the at least one stiffness enhancing monomer.13. The cement composition of claim 1, wherein the mixing fluidcomprises water in an amount of from about 30 to about 150 percent byweight of the cementitious material.
 14. The cement composition of claim1, further comprising at least one of silica flour, a polymer emulsionstabilizing surfactant, and a defoaming agent.
 15. The cementcomposition of claim 14, wherein the polymer emulsion stabilizingsurfactant comprises an ethoxylated nonylphenolsulfonate.
 16. The cementcomposition of claim 1, wherein the at least one polar monomer and theat least one elasticity enhancing monomer are in the form of a drypolymer additive.
 17. The cement composition of claim 16, wherein thedry polymer additive is present in an amount of from about 2 to about 6percent by weight of the cementitious material and the mixing fluidcomprises water in an amount of from about 30 to about 150 percent byweight of the cementitious material.
 18. A cement compositioncomprising: cementitious material; mixing fluid; at least one elasticityenhancing monomer selected from ethylene, propylene, butadiene,1,3-hexadiene and isoprene; and at least one polar monomer, wherein thepolar monomer and the elasticity enhancing monomer are present inrelative amounts effective to increase the elasticity of the cementcomposition compared to a neat cement composition, while providing thecement composition with a strength sufficient to seal in a subterraneanzone.
 19. The cement composition of claim 18, wherein the cementitiousmaterial is selected from Portland cement, pozzolan cement, gypsumcement, aluminous cement, silica cement, and phosphate cement.
 20. Thecement composition of claim 18, wherein the at least one polar monomeris selected from vinylamine, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, and acid,ester, amide or salt forms of acrylates.
 21. The cement composition ofclaim 18, wherein the at least one polar monomer and the at least oneelasticity enhancing monomer are in the form of a polymer emulsion. 22.The cement composition of claim 21, wherein the polymer emulsioncomprises from about 1 to about 90 weight percent of the at least onepolar monomer and from about 10 to about 99 weight percent of the atleast one elasticity enhancing monomer.
 23. The cement composition ofclaim 21, wherein the polymer emulsion is present in an amount of fromabout 0.1 to about 30 percent by weight of the cementitious material.24. The cement composition of claim 21, wherein the polymer emulsion ispresent in an amount of from about 2 to about 6 percent by weight of thecementitious material and the mixing fluid comprises water in an amountof from about 30 to about 70 percent by weight of the cementitiousmaterial.
 25. The cement composition of claim 18, further comprising atleast one stiffness enhancing monomer.
 26. The cement composition ofclaim 25, wherein the at least one stiffness enhancing monomer isselected from styrene, t-butylstyrene, α-methylstyrene and sulfonatedstyrene.
 27. The cement composition of claim 25, wherein the at leastone polar monomer, the at least one elasticity enhancing monomer, andthe at least one stiffness enhancing monomer are in the form of apolymer emulsion.
 28. The cement composition of claim 27, wherein thepolymer emulsion comprises up to about 70 weight percent of the at leastone stiffness enhancing monomer.
 29. The cement composition of claim 18,wherein the cement composition further comprises at least one of silicaflour, a polymer emulsion stabilizing surfactant and a defoaming agent.30. The cement composition of claim 29, wherein the polymer emulsionstabilizing surfactant comprises an ethoxylated nonylphenolsulfonate.31. The cement composition of claim 18, wherein the at least one polarmonomer and the at least one elasticity enhancing monomer are in theform of a dry polymer additive.
 32. The cement composition of claim 31,wherein the dry polymer additive is present in an amount of from about 2to about 6 percent by weight of the cementitious material and the mixingfluid comprises water in an amount of from about 30 to about 150 percentby weight of the cementitious material.
 33. A cement compositioncomprising: cementitious material, mixing fluid; and a polymer emulsioncomprising at least one polar monomer and at least one elasticityenhancing monomer, wherein the polymer emulsion is present in an amountof from about 0.1 to about 30 percent by weight of the cementitiousmaterial; the polymer emulsion comprises from about 1 to about 90 weightpercent of the at least one polar monomer and from about 10 to about 99weight percent of the at least one elasticity enhancing monomer; and thepolar monomer and the elasticity enhancing monomer are present inrelative amounts effective to increase the elasticity of the cementcomposition compared to a neat cement composition, while providing thecement composition with a strength sufficient to seal in a subterraneanzone.
 34. The cement composition of claim 33, wherein the at least onepolar monomer is selected from vinylamine, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile,acrylic acid, and acid, ester, amide and salt forms of acrylates. 35.The cement composition of claim 33, wherein the at least one elasticityenhancing monomer is selected from ethylene, propylene, butadiene,1,3-hexadiene and isoprene.
 36. The cement composition of claim 33,wherein the polymer emulsion further comprises at least one stiffnessenhancing monomer.
 37. The cement composition of claim 36, wherein theat least one stiffness enhancing monomer is selected from styrene,t-butylstyrene, α-methylstyrene and sulfonated styrene.
 38. The cementcomposition of claim 36, wherein the polymer emulsion comprises up toabout 70 weight percent of the at least one stiffness enhancing monomer.39. The cement composition of claim 33, wherein the mixing fluidcomprises water in an amount of from about 30 to about 150 percent byweight of the cementitious material.
 40. The cement composition of claim33, wherein the cementitious material is selected from Portland cement,pozzolan cement, gypsum cement, aluminous cement, silica cement, andphosphate cement.
 41. The cement composition of claim 33, wherein thepolymer emulsion is present in an amount of from about 2 to about 6percent by weight of the cementitious material, and the mixing fluidcomprises water in an amount of from about 30 to about 70 percent byweight of the cementitious material.
 42. The cement composition of claim33, further comprising at least one of a polymer emulsion stabilizingsurfactant, a defoaming agent and silica flour.
 43. The cementcomposition of claim 42, wherein the polymer emulsion stabilizingsurfactant comprises an ethoxylated nonylphenolsulfonate.